Report Writing
The word report has been derived from the Latin word ‘Reportare’ which means to carry back. Report is a description of an event narrated to someone who was not present on the scene.
C.A. Brown
defines a report “as a communication from someone who has some information, to
someone who wants to use that information.”
Report writing:
Report writing
is a formal written communication which is written for a specific purpose. It
includes the description of those procedures which have been followed for
collection and analysis of data, their significance and the conclusion drawn
from them, and the recommendations if required.
Types of report
Observation Report
Observation
means to watch certain phenomena, and then to prepare the report about the
phenomena, which has been seen. These kinds of reports are prepared on the
basis of personal observations. E.g. you may be required to write a report on
an experiment you saw being conducted in the laboratory, a process you observed
and an event you have seen as an eye witness.
Survey Report
A survey report
is prepared when we have to carry out the survey of any particular area or
field. Survey of any field may be done to estimate the damage, to consider the
feasibility of a proposal or to compare two sites etc.
Report of Trouble
This is one of
the most common types of report because troubles do occur very frequently in
industrial sector. Wherever machines, instruments or tools are used, they may
go wrong. Break downs may occur because instructions were not properly given or
properly understood and carried out. Accidents also occur very frequently. Workers
may be wounded or killed, fire accidents may take place; rules and regulations
may be violated, leading to accidents, thefts may take place and many such
accidents occur quite frequently. These are called the troubles which
frequently happen in industrial sectors, and to prepare the reports on these
troubles are called the trouble report. These types of trouble reports are
prepared for the following purposes:
a.
To
inform the authority about the trouble.
b.
To
estimate the cause of trouble.
c.
To
fix responsibility for the trouble.
d.
To estimate damage or injury due to the
trouble.
e.
To
report what was done to restore normally, to correct the situation and to
rectify the trouble.
f.
To
suggest ways for the prevention of such trouble in future.
Laboratory Report
A laboratory
report is an account of various steps, finding and conclusions put together in
a logical order. Writing laboratory report is considered to be an essential
part of scientific investigation and experimentation. There are number of
experiments which are performed in labs, so the students have to prepare the
reports regarding experiments and their findings. These reports contains
following elements.
a.
Heading b. Experiment No. c. Date
d. Statement of objects e. Apparatus used e.
Method or procedure followed
f. Observation g. Conclusion h.
Signature
Progress Report
When a long-term project or work is undertaken, the
administration keeps itself informed through progress report. The project may
be the construction of a bridge or building, the installation of equipment in a
factory, or the investigation of some problem etc. A student, who undertakes a
research project, will be required to submit progress reports periodically,
generally they contains the following information:
a.
Name
of the work of project
b.
Total
work to be completed
c.
Date d.Work completed to date
d.
Work
to be completed e. Possible date for
completion
e. Signature and designation
CHARACTERISTICS OF GOOD REPORT
¡ Accurate:
Accuracy of facts is very essential for a good report. A good report contains
accurate and unbiased information. The report based on correct information can
only lead to right decisions otherwise the purpose of report will not be
fulfilled.
¡ Simplicity:
A good report must be written in simple and lucid language. It must be easy to
understand as otherwise it would be of no use.
¡ Relevance:
The facts presented in the report must not only be accurate but relevant to the
subject. It is essential for a good report that every fact related to the
subject content should be included.
¡ Precision:
Conciseness and coherence are must for a good report. In a good report, the
writer is very clear about the exact purpose of the report.
¡ Completeness:
A good report must be complete in all respects. It must contain all the
required facts, information, analysis and conclusion.
¡ Objectivity:
Recommendations and suggestions made in the report must be impartial and
unbiased.
¡ Grammatically Accurate: The language used in the report should be grammatically correct. It is one of the basic requirements of a good report.
¡ Reader
Oriented: The facts and details should be
presented in a manner which is very clear to the reader.
¡ Orderly:
It is an orderly presentation of facts about some activity, event or program.
PURPOSE:
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